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Medical Abbreviations Dictionary
What should I know about medical abbreviations dictionary: 200+ terms decoded?
Complete guide to medical abbreviations found in your health records. Decode PRN, BID, TID, NPO, QID, and 200+ more terms used by doctors and hospitals.
Your records are full of shorthand your doctor wrote in seconds. Search below to decode any term—261+ abbreviations from prescriptions, labs, and hospital notes, all with real-world examples.
📚261+ abbreviations🏷️10 categories✅With examples
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Most Searched Abbreviations
BID
Bis in die
Twice a day
PRN
Pro re nata
As needed
NPO
Nil per os
Nothing by mouth
TID
Ter in die
Three times a day
QID
Quater in die
Four times a day
PO
Per os
By mouth (orally)
WNL
Within normal limits
Normal/unremarkable
HTN
Hypertension
High blood pressure
Complete A-Z Medical Abbreviations
A(20 terms)
A-FIB
Atrial fibrillation
Irregular heart rhythm
Example: Paroxysmal A-fib
Diagnoses & ConditionsA/P
Assessment and plan
Diagnosis and treatment plan
Example: A/P: 1) HTN - increase lisinopril
General Medical TermsA&O
Alert and oriented
Mentally aware
Example: A&O x 3 (person, place, time)
Physical ExaminationA1C
Hemoglobin A1C
3-month average blood sugar
Example: A1C goal < 7% for diabetics
Lab Tests & ValuesAAOx3
Awake, alert, oriented times 3
Knows person, place, time
Example: AAOx3, cooperative
Physical ExaminationABG
Arterial blood gas
Oxygen/CO2/pH in blood
Example: ABG shows respiratory acidosis
Lab Tests & ValuesAC
Ante cibum
Before meals
Example: Take insulin AC
Frequency & TimingAD
Auris dextra
Right ear
Example: Ciprodex AD TID
Routes of AdministrationADL
Activities of daily living
Basic self-care tasks
Example: Independent with ADLs
Healthcare SettingsAFIB
Atrial fibrillation
Irregular heart rhythm
Example: AFib on anticoagulation
Diagnoses & ConditionsAKI
Acute kidney injury
Sudden kidney damage
Example: AKI from dehydration
Diagnoses & ConditionsALB
Albumin
Liver-produced protein
Example: Albumin 3.8 (normal)
Lab Tests & ValuesALF
Assisted living facility
Assisted living
Example: Resides in ALF
Healthcare SettingsALP
Alkaline phosphatase
Liver/bone enzyme
Example: ALP 120 (normal)
Lab Tests & ValuesALT
Alanine aminotransferase
Liver enzyme
Example: ALT 45 (mildly elevated)
Lab Tests & ValuesAMA
Against medical advice
Patient left against recommendations
Example: Patient left AMA
Healthcare SettingsAMP
Ampule
Glass container
Example: 1 amp D50 IV push
Measurements & QuantitiesAS
Auris sinistra
Left ear
Example: Antibiotic drops AS
Routes of AdministrationAST
Aspartate aminotransferase
Liver/muscle enzyme
Example: AST 38 (normal)
Lab Tests & ValuesAU
Auris utraque
Both ears
Example: Ear drops AU TID
Routes of AdministrationB(12 terms)
BID
Bis in die
Twice a day
Example: Take medication BID (morning and evening)
Frequency & TimingBLE
Bilateral lower extremities
Both legs
Example: Edema BLE
Physical ExaminationBMI
Body mass index
Weight-to-height ratio
Example: BMI 25.1 (overweight)
Vital SignsBMP
Basic metabolic panel
Kidney function, electrolytes, glucose
Example: BMP to check kidney function
Lab Tests & ValuesBNP
B-type natriuretic peptide
Heart failure marker
Example: BNP 850 (elevated, heart failure)
Lab Tests & ValuesBP
Blood pressure
Pressure of blood in arteries
Example: BP 120/80 (normal)
Vital SignsBPH
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Enlarged prostate
Example: BPH on tamsulosin
Diagnoses & ConditionsBR
Bedrest
Stay in bed
Example: Strict BR x 24 hours
Healthcare SettingsBRP
Bathroom privileges
Can use bathroom
Example: Bedrest with BRP
Healthcare SettingsBSO
Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
Removal of tubes and ovaries
Example: TAH-BSO performed
Procedures & TestsBUE
Bilateral upper extremities
Both arms
Example: Rash on BUE
Physical ExaminationBUN
Blood urea nitrogen
Kidney waste product level
Example: BUN 25 (slightly elevated)
Lab Tests & ValuesC(26 terms)
C/S
Cesarean section
Surgical delivery
Example: S/P C/S x 2
General Medical TermsCABG
Coronary artery bypass graft
Heart bypass surgery
Example: S/P CABG x 3 vessels
Procedures & TestsCAD
Coronary artery disease
Heart artery blockage
Example: CAD s/p stent 2020
Diagnoses & ConditionsCAP
Capsule
Capsule form
Example: Omeprazole 20 mg cap daily
Measurements & QuantitiesCATH
Cardiac catheterization
Heart artery exam
Example: Cath lab for stent placement
Procedures & TestsCBC
Complete blood count
Basic blood cell counts
Example: CBC shows elevated WBC
Lab Tests & ValuesCC
Cubic centimeter
Same as milliliter
Example: 20 cc of medication
Measurements & QuantitiesCC
Chief complaint
Main reason for visit
Example: CC: abdominal pain x 2 days
General Medical TermsCCU
Coronary care unit
Heart ICU
Example: CCU admission post-MI
Healthcare SettingsCHF
Congestive heart failure
Heart pumping weakness
Example: CHF with reduced EF
Diagnoses & ConditionsCKD
Chronic kidney disease
Long-term kidney damage
Example: CKD stage 3, GFR 45
Diagnoses & ConditionsCL
Clear liquids
Clear liquid diet
Example: Advance to CL diet
Healthcare SettingsCM
Centimeter
Hundredth of a meter
Example: Lesion 2 cm in diameter
Measurements & QuantitiesCMP
Complete metabolic panel
BMP plus liver function tests
Example: Annual CMP for health screening
Lab Tests & ValuesCN
Cranial nerves
Brain nerves (12 pairs)
Example: CN II-XII intact
Physical ExaminationCOPD
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Lung disease (emphysema/bronchitis)
Example: COPD on home oxygen
Diagnoses & ConditionsCP
Chest pain
Pain in chest area
Example: CP, R/O acute coronary syndrome
Diagnoses & ConditionsCPR
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Emergency heart/breathing revival
Example: CPR initiated, ROSC achieved
Procedures & TestsCR
Creatinine
Kidney function marker
Example: CR 1.2 (normal)
Lab Tests & ValuesCRP
C-reactive protein
Inflammation marker
Example: CRP 8.5 (elevated)
Lab Tests & ValuesCT
Computed tomography
CAT scan imaging
Example: CT abdomen/pelvis with contrast
Procedures & TestsCTA
Clear to auscultation
Lungs sound clear
Example: Lungs CTA bilaterally
Physical ExaminationCTAB
Clear to auscultation bilaterally
Both lungs clear
Example: CTAB, no wheezes
Physical ExaminationCVA
Cerebrovascular accident
Stroke
Example: CVA with left-sided weakness
Diagnoses & ConditionsCVA
Costovertebral angle
Kidney area (exam context)
Example: No CVA tenderness
Physical ExaminationCXR
Chest X-ray
X-ray of chest
Example: CXR shows infiltrate
Procedures & TestsD(14 terms)
D/C
Discharge
Release from hospital
Example: D/C to home with services
Healthcare SettingsD&C
Dilation and curettage
Uterine procedure
Example: D&C for miscarriage
Procedures & TestsD5W
5% dextrose in water
Sugar water IV fluid
Example: D5W at 100 mL/hr
Measurements & QuantitiesDAT
Diet as tolerated
Eat what you can
Example: DAT, encourage fluids
Healthcare SettingsDDX
Differential diagnosis
List of possible conditions
Example: DDx includes pneumonia vs bronchitis
Diagnoses & ConditionsDM
Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes
Example: DM2 with A1C at goal
Diagnoses & ConditionsDM1
Type 1 diabetes mellitus
Insulin-dependent diabetes
Example: DM1 on insulin pump
Diagnoses & ConditionsDM2
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Adult-onset diabetes
Example: DM2 diet-controlled
Diagnoses & ConditionsDNI
Do not intubate
No breathing tube
Example: DNR/DNI per patient wishes
Healthcare SettingsDNR
Do not resuscitate
No CPR if heart stops
Example: DNR status confirmed
Healthcare SettingsDOE
Dyspnea on exertion
Breathlessness with activity
Example: DOE walking one block
Diagnoses & ConditionsDTR
Deep tendon reflexes
Reflex test
Example: DTRs 2+ symmetric
Physical ExaminationDVT
Deep vein thrombosis
Blood clot in leg vein
Example: Left leg DVT on anticoagulation
Diagnoses & ConditionsDX
Diagnosis
Medical condition identified
Example: Dx: Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Diagnoses & ConditionsE(14 terms)
ECG
Electrocardiogram
Heart electrical tracing
Example: ECG unchanged from prior
Procedures & TestsECHO
Echocardiogram
Heart ultrasound
Example: Echo shows EF 55%
Procedures & TestsED
Emergency department
Emergency room
Example: Presented to ED with chest pain
Healthcare SettingsEDD
Estimated due date
Expected delivery date
Example: EDD: March 15, 2026
General Medical TermsEEG
Electroencephalogram
Brain wave test
Example: EEG for seizure evaluation
Procedures & TestsEF
Ejection fraction
Heart pumping strength %
Example: EF 55% (normal)
General Medical TermsEGD
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
Upper GI scope
Example: EGD for GERD evaluation
Procedures & TestsEKG
Electrocardiogram
Heart electrical tracing
Example: EKG shows normal sinus rhythm
Procedures & TestsEMG
Electromyography
Muscle/nerve test
Example: EMG shows carpal tunnel
Procedures & TestsEMS
Emergency medical services
Ambulance/paramedics
Example: Arrived via EMS
General Medical TermsEOMI
Extraocular movements intact
Eyes move normally
Example: EOMI, no nystagmus
Physical ExaminationER
Emergency room
Emergency department
Example: ER visit for laceration
Healthcare SettingsESR
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
Inflammation marker
Example: ESR 45 (elevated, inflammation)
Lab Tests & ValuesESRD
End-stage renal disease
Kidney failure
Example: ESRD on hemodialysis
Diagnoses & ConditionsF(4 terms)
F
Female
Female gender
Example: 42 y/o F with palpitations
General Medical TermsF/U
Follow-up
Return appointment
Example: F/U in 2 weeks
Healthcare SettingsFBS
Fasting blood sugar
Glucose after fasting
Example: FBS 110 (prediabetic)
Lab Tests & ValuesFH
Family history
Conditions in relatives
Example: FH significant for CAD
Diagnoses & ConditionsG(7 terms)
G
Gravida
Number of pregnancies
Example: G3P2 (3 pregnancies, 2 births)
General Medical TermsGCS
Glasgow Coma Scale
Consciousness scoring
Example: GCS 15 (fully alert)
General Medical TermsGERD
Gastroesophageal reflux disease
Acid reflux
Example: GERD on omeprazole
Diagnoses & ConditionsGFR
Glomerular filtration rate
Kidney filtering capacity
Example: GFR 85 (mildly reduced)
Lab Tests & ValuesGLU
Glucose
Blood sugar
Example: Fasting GLU 126 (diabetic range)
Lab Tests & ValuesGSW
Gunshot wound
Bullet injury
Example: GSW to left thigh
General Medical TermsGTT
Guttae
Drops
Example: Timolol 1 GTT OU BID
Routes of AdministrationH(14 terms)
H/O
History of
Previously had
Example: H/O breast cancer, in remission
Diagnoses & ConditionsHA
Headache
Head pain
Example: HA x 3 days, no red flags
Diagnoses & ConditionsHbA1C
Hemoglobin A1C
3-month average blood sugar
Example: HbA1C 7.2% (controlled diabetes)
Lab Tests & ValuesHCT
Hematocrit
Percentage of blood that is RBCs
Example: HCT 35% (low)
Lab Tests & ValuesHDL
High-density lipoprotein
Good cholesterol
Example: HDL 55 (good)
Lab Tests & ValuesHEENT
Head, eyes, ears, nose, throat
Head exam section
Example: HEENT: normocephalic, atraumatic
Physical ExaminationHGB
Hemoglobin
Oxygen-carrying protein in RBCs
Example: HGB 10.2 (low, anemia)
Lab Tests & ValuesHH
Home health
Healthcare at home
Example: D/C with HH services
Healthcare SettingsHOB
Head of bed
Top of bed elevation
Example: Keep HOB elevated 30 degrees
Healthcare SettingsHPI
History of present illness
Story of current problem
Example: HPI: 65 y/o female with...
General Medical TermsHR
Heart rate
Heartbeats per minute
Example: HR 72 regular
Vital SignsHS
Hora somni
At bedtime
Example: Sleeping pill HS
Frequency & TimingHT
Height
Body height
Example: Ht 5'10"
Vital SignsHTN
Hypertension
High blood pressure
Example: HTN controlled on lisinopril
Diagnoses & ConditionsI(8 terms)
I&D
Incision and drainage
Cutting open and draining
Example: I&D of abscess performed
Procedures & TestsICU
Intensive care unit
Critical care unit
Example: Transferred to ICU for monitoring
Healthcare SettingsIM
Intramuscular
Into the muscle
Example: Flu vaccine IM in deltoid
Routes of AdministrationIMP
Impression
Doctor's conclusion
Example: Imp: Acute bronchitis
General Medical TermsINH
Inhalation
Breathed in
Example: Albuterol INH Q4H PRN
Routes of AdministrationINR
International normalized ratio
Standardized clotting measure
Example: INR 2.5 (therapeutic on warfarin)
Lab Tests & ValuesIU
International units
Standardized dose unit
Example: Insulin 10 IU SC
Measurements & QuantitiesIV
Intravenous
Into the vein
Example: Normal saline IV at 125mL/hr
Routes of AdministrationK(1 term)
KG
Kilogram
Unit of weight (2.2 lbs)
Example: Weight 70 kg
Measurements & QuantitiesL(12 terms)
L
Liter
Unit of volume
Example: Urine output 2L in 24 hours
Measurements & QuantitiesLBP
Low back pain
Pain in lower back
Example: Chronic LBP, no radiculopathy
Diagnoses & ConditionsLBS
Pounds
Unit of weight
Example: Wt 154 lbs
Measurements & QuantitiesLDL
Low-density lipoprotein
Bad cholesterol
Example: LDL 145 (elevated)
Lab Tests & ValuesLE
Lower extremities
Legs and feet
Example: LE: no edema, pulses 2+
Physical ExaminationLFT
Liver function tests
Measures liver enzymes
Example: LFTs elevated, suspect hepatitis
Lab Tests & ValuesLIPID
Lipid panel
Cholesterol test panel
Example: Fasting lipid panel ordered
Lab Tests & ValuesLMP
Last menstrual period
Last period date
Example: LMP 2 weeks ago
General Medical TermsLOC
Loss of consciousness
Passed out
Example: Brief LOC at scene
General Medical TermsLP
Lumbar puncture
Spinal tap
Example: LP to rule out meningitis
Procedures & TestsLR
Lactated Ringer's
IV fluid with electrolytes
Example: LR bolus 1 liter
Measurements & QuantitiesLTC
Long-term care
Long-term facility
Example: LTC facility placement
Healthcare SettingsM(11 terms)
M
Male
Male gender
Example: 55 y/o M with chest pain
General Medical TermsMCG
Microgram
Millionth of a gram
Example: Levothyroxine 75 mcg
Measurements & QuantitiesMED
Medication
Drug/medicine
Example: Meds reconciled
General Medical TermsMEQ
Milliequivalent
Electrolyte measure
Example: KCl 20 mEq PO daily
Measurements & QuantitiesMG
Milligram
Thousandth of a gram
Example: Lisinopril 10 mg daily
Measurements & QuantitiesMI
Myocardial infarction
Heart attack
Example: Acute MI, troponin elevated
Diagnoses & ConditionsML
Milliliter
Thousandth of a liter
Example: Give 500 mL NS bolus
Measurements & QuantitiesMM
Millimeter
Thousandth of a meter
Example: Pupil 3 mm reactive
Measurements & QuantitiesMRI
Magnetic resonance imaging
Detailed body imaging
Example: MRI brain without contrast
Procedures & TestsMVA
Motor vehicle accident
Car crash
Example: MVA, restrained driver
General Medical TermsMVC
Motor vehicle collision
Car crash
Example: MVC at highway speed
General Medical TermsN(16 terms)
N/V
Nausea and vomiting
Feeling sick, throwing up
Example: N/V x 2 days, no fever
Diagnoses & ConditionsN/V/D
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
GI symptoms
Example: N/V/D consistent with gastroenteritis
Diagnoses & ConditionsNABS
Normoactive bowel sounds
Normal gut sounds
Example: NABS in all quadrants
Physical ExaminationNAD
No acute distress
Patient appears comfortable
Example: Patient in NAD
Diagnoses & ConditionsNC
Nasal cannula
Oxygen delivery device
Example: O2 2L via NC
Measurements & QuantitiesND
Non-distended
Not swollen/bloated
Example: Abdomen soft, NT, ND
Physical ExaminationNEB
Nebulizer
Mist inhaled via machine
Example: Albuterol NEB Q4H
Routes of AdministrationNGT
Nasogastric tube
Through nose to stomach
Example: Medications via NGT
Routes of AdministrationNICU
Neonatal intensive care unit
Newborn ICU
Example: Premature infant to NICU
Healthcare SettingsNKA
No known allergies
No drug/food allergies
Example: Allergies: NKA
Diagnoses & ConditionsNKDA
No known drug allergies
No medication allergies
Example: NKDA documented
Diagnoses & ConditionsNPO
Nil per os
Nothing by mouth
Example: NPO after midnight for surgery
Healthcare SettingsNRB
Non-rebreather mask
High-flow oxygen mask
Example: O2 15L NRB
Measurements & QuantitiesNS
Normal saline
0.9% sodium chloride
Example: NS at 125 mL/hr
Measurements & QuantitiesNSVD
Normal spontaneous vaginal delivery
Natural birth
Example: NSVD of healthy male infant
General Medical TermsNT
Non-tender
No pain on touch
Example: Abdomen soft, NT, ND
Physical ExaminationO(12 terms)
O2 SAT
Oxygen saturation
Oxygen level in blood
Example: O2 sat 98% on room air
Vital SignsOA
Osteoarthritis
Wear-and-tear arthritis
Example: OA bilateral knees
Diagnoses & ConditionsOD
Oculus dexter
Right eye
Example: Antibiotic drops OD TID
Routes of AdministrationOGTT
Oral glucose tolerance test
Diabetes screening test
Example: OGTT for gestational diabetes
Lab Tests & ValuesOOB
Out of bed
Getting out of bed
Example: OOB to chair TID
Healthcare SettingsOR
Operating room
Surgery room
Example: Patient taken to OR
Healthcare SettingsORIF
Open reduction internal fixation
Surgical bone repair
Example: ORIF right ankle fracture
Procedures & TestsOS
Oculus sinister
Left eye
Example: Steroid drops OS QID
Routes of AdministrationOSA
Obstructive sleep apnea
Breathing stops during sleep
Example: OSA on CPAP nightly
Diagnoses & ConditionsOT
Occupational therapy
Daily activity therapy
Example: OT for hand function
Healthcare SettingsOTC
Over the counter
Non-prescription
Example: OTC ibuprofen PRN
General Medical TermsOU
Oculus uterque
Both eyes
Example: Artificial tears 1 GTT OU QID
Routes of AdministrationP(24 terms)
P
Para
Number of births
Example: G2P1 at 38 weeks
General Medical TermsPACU
Post-anesthesia care unit
Recovery room
Example: Stable in PACU
Healthcare SettingsPC
Post cibum
After meals
Example: Antacid PC and QHS
Frequency & TimingPCP
Primary care physician
Main doctor
Example: F/U with PCP in 2 weeks
General Medical TermsPE
Pulmonary embolism
Blood clot in lung
Example: PE confirmed on CT
Diagnoses & ConditionsPE
Physical examination
Body exam findings
Example: PE: see above
General Medical TermsPEG
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
Feeding tube in stomach
Example: Tube feeds via PEG
Routes of AdministrationPERRLA
Pupils equal, round, reactive to light and accommodation
Normal pupil exam
Example: PERRLA, EOMI
Physical ExaminationPICC
Peripherally inserted central catheter
Long-term IV line
Example: PICC line for IV antibiotics
Procedures & TestsPICU
Pediatric intensive care unit
Children's ICU
Example: Child transferred to PICU
Healthcare SettingsPLT
Platelets
Clotting cells
Example: PLT 150,000 (normal)
Lab Tests & ValuesPMH
Past medical history
Previous health conditions
Example: PMH: HTN, DM2, GERD
Diagnoses & ConditionsPNA
Pneumonia
Lung infection
Example: Community-acquired PNA
Diagnoses & ConditionsPO
Per os
By mouth (orally)
Example: Amoxicillin 500mg PO TID
Routes of AdministrationPOLST
Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment
End-of-life care orders
Example: POLST on file
Healthcare SettingsPR
Per rectum
Rectally
Example: Suppository PR for nausea
Routes of AdministrationPRN
Pro re nata
As needed
Example: Pain medication PRN for breakthrough pain
Frequency & TimingPSA
Prostate-specific antigen
Prostate cancer marker
Example: PSA 2.5 (normal for age)
Lab Tests & ValuesPSH
Past surgical history
Previous surgeries
Example: PSH: Cholecystectomy 2018
Diagnoses & ConditionsPT
Prothrombin time
Blood clotting time
Example: PT 12.5 seconds (normal)
Lab Tests & ValuesPT
Physical therapy
Movement/strength therapy
Example: PT 3x/week for knee
Healthcare SettingsPT
Patient
The person receiving care
Example: Pt reports improvement
General Medical TermsPTCA
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
Heart artery balloon/stent
Example: PTCA with DES to LAD
Procedures & TestsPTT
Partial thromboplastin time
Clotting pathway test
Example: PTT 35 seconds (normal)
Lab Tests & ValuesQ(11 terms)
Q12H
Quaque 12 hora
Every 12 hours
Example: Extended-release medication Q12H
Frequency & TimingQ4H
Quaque 4 hora
Every 4 hours
Example: Acetaminophen Q4H for fever
Frequency & TimingQ6H
Quaque 6 hora
Every 6 hours
Example: Antibiotic Q6H around the clock
Frequency & TimingQ8H
Quaque 8 hora
Every 8 hours
Example: Medication Q8H
Frequency & TimingQAM
Quaque ante meridiem
Every morning
Example: Thyroid medication QAM on empty stomach
Frequency & TimingQD
Quaque die
Once daily
Example: Blood pressure medication QD
Frequency & TimingQHS
Quaque hora somni
Every night at bedtime
Example: Sleep aid QHS
Frequency & TimingQID
Quater in die
Four times a day
Example: Eye drops QID
Frequency & TimingQOD
Quaque altera die
Every other day
Example: Steroid taper QOD
Frequency & TimingQPM
Quaque post meridiem
Every evening
Example: Cholesterol medication QPM
Frequency & TimingQTY
Quantity
Amount
Example: Qty: 30 tablets
General Medical TermsR(12 terms)
R/O
Rule out
Exclude this diagnosis
Example: R/O pulmonary embolism
Diagnoses & ConditionsRA
Rheumatoid arthritis
Autoimmune joint disease
Example: RA on methotrexate
Diagnoses & ConditionsRBC
Red blood cells
Oxygen-carrying cells
Example: RBC 4.5 million (normal)
Lab Tests & ValuesRBS
Random blood sugar
Glucose any time
Example: RBS 180 (elevated)
Lab Tests & ValuesREF
Refills
Prescription renewals
Example: 3 refills authorized
General Medical TermsROM
Range of motion
Joint movement
Example: Full ROM of all extremities
Physical ExaminationROS
Review of systems
Symptom checklist by body system
Example: ROS negative except as noted
General Medical TermsROSC
Return of spontaneous circulation
Heart restarted
Example: ROSC achieved after 5 min CPR
General Medical TermsRR
Respiratory rate
Breaths per minute
Example: RR 16 unlabored
Vital SignsRRR
Regular rate and rhythm
Normal heart rhythm
Example: Heart: RRR, no murmur
Physical ExaminationRTC
Return to clinic
Come back for visit
Example: RTC in 1 month
Healthcare SettingsRX
Prescription
Medication order
Example: Rx: Amoxicillin 500mg TID x 10d
General Medical TermsS(12 terms)
S/P
Status post
After/following
Example: S/P appendectomy 2019
Diagnoses & ConditionsS1S2
First and second heart sounds
Normal heart sounds
Example: S1S2 present, no S3/S4
Physical ExaminationSC
Subcutaneous
Under the skin
Example: Insulin SC before meals
Routes of AdministrationSIG
Signa (write on label)
Prescription instructions
Example: Sig: Take 1 tab PO BID
General Medical TermsSL
Sublingual
Under the tongue
Example: Nitroglycerin SL for chest pain
Routes of AdministrationSNF
Skilled nursing facility
Nursing home
Example: D/C to SNF for rehab
Healthcare SettingsSOB
Shortness of breath
Difficulty breathing
Example: Presents with SOB on exertion
Diagnoses & ConditionsSPO2
Peripheral oxygen saturation
Oxygen level via pulse ox
Example: SpO2 95% on 2L NC
Vital SignsSQ
Subcutaneous
Under the skin (alternate)
Example: Heparin SQ twice daily
Routes of AdministrationST
Speech therapy
Speech/swallowing therapy
Example: ST for dysphagia
Healthcare SettingsSTAT
Statim
Immediately
Example: Give morphine 2mg IV STAT
Frequency & TimingSX
Symptoms
What patient feels
Example: Sx: fever, cough, fatigue
General Medical TermsT(18 terms)
T
Temperature
Body temperature
Example: T 98.6°F (normal)
Vital SignsT.BILI
Total bilirubin
Liver waste product
Example: T.Bili 1.0 (normal)
Lab Tests & ValuesT3
Triiodothyronine
Active thyroid hormone
Example: Free T3 3.2 (normal)
Lab Tests & ValuesT4
Thyroxine
Thyroid hormone
Example: Free T4 1.1 (normal)
Lab Tests & ValuesTAB
Tablet
Pill form
Example: 1 tab PO BID
Measurements & QuantitiesTAH
Total abdominal hysterectomy
Uterus removal surgery
Example: TAH-BSO for fibroids
Procedures & TestsTEMP
Temperature
Body temperature
Example: Temp 101.2°F (fever)
Vital SignsTG
Triglycerides
Blood fat
Example: TG 180 (borderline high)
Lab Tests & ValuesTHA
Total hip arthroplasty
Hip replacement
Example: Right THA for OA
Procedures & TestsTIA
Transient ischemic attack
Mini-stroke
Example: TIA, symptoms resolved
Diagnoses & ConditionsTID
Ter in die
Three times a day
Example: Antibiotic TID with meals
Frequency & TimingTKA
Total knee arthroplasty
Knee replacement
Example: S/P bilateral TKA
Procedures & TestsTM
Tympanic membrane
Eardrum
Example: TMs clear bilaterally
Physical ExaminationTOP
Topical
Applied to skin
Example: Hydrocortisone cream TOP BID
Routes of AdministrationTROP
Troponin
Heart muscle damage marker
Example: Troponin I elevated, suspect MI
Lab Tests & ValuesTSH
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Thyroid function test
Example: TSH 4.5 (slightly elevated)
Lab Tests & ValuesTURP
Transurethral resection of prostate
Prostate surgery
Example: TURP for BPH
Procedures & TestsTX
Treatment
Medical care given
Example: Tx: Antibiotics x 10 days
General Medical TermsU(6 terms)
U
Units
Dose measurement
Example: Heparin 5000 units SC
Measurements & QuantitiesU/A
Urinalysis
Urine test (alternate)
Example: U/A shows bacteria
Lab Tests & ValuesUA
Urinalysis
Urine test
Example: UA positive for leukocytes
Lab Tests & ValuesUE
Upper extremities
Arms and hands
Example: UE: 5/5 strength bilaterally
Physical ExaminationUS
Ultrasound
Sound wave imaging
Example: Abdominal US for gallstones
Procedures & TestsUTI
Urinary tract infection
Bladder/kidney infection
Example: UTI, started on Bactrim
Diagnoses & ConditionsV(1 term)
VS
Vital signs
Basic body measurements
Example: VS stable, afebrile
Vital SignsW(3 terms)
WBC
White blood cells
Infection-fighting cells
Example: WBC 15,000 (elevated, suggests infection)
Lab Tests & ValuesWNL
Within normal limits
Normal/unremarkable
Example: Physical exam WNL
Diagnoses & ConditionsWT
Weight
Body weight
Example: Wt 175 lbs
Vital SignsX(1 term)
XR
X-ray
Radiograph imaging
Example: XR knee, no fracture
Procedures & TestsY(2 terms)
Y/O
Year old
Age in years
Example: 72 y/o female with HTN
General Medical TermsYO
Year old
Age in years
Example: 45 y/o male presents with...
General Medical TermsAbbreviations by Category
⏰
Frequency & Timing
How often to take medications
| Abbr. | Full Form |
|---|---|
| AC | Ante cibum |
| BID | Bis in die |
| HS | Hora somni |
| PC | Post cibum |
| PRN | Pro re nata |
| Q12H | Quaque 12 hora |
| Q4H | Quaque 4 hora |
| Q6H | Quaque 6 hora |
| Q8H | Quaque 8 hora |
| QAM | Quaque ante meridiem |
| QD | Quaque die |
| QHS | Quaque hora somni |
| QID | Quater in die |
| QOD | Quaque altera die |
| QPM | Quaque post meridiem |
| STAT | Statim |
| TID | Ter in die |
💊
Routes of Administration
How medications are given
| Abbr. | Full Form |
|---|---|
| AD | Auris dextra |
| AS | Auris sinistra |
| AU | Auris utraque |
| GTT | Guttae |
| IM | Intramuscular |
| INH | Inhalation |
| IV | Intravenous |
| NEB | Nebulizer |
| NGT | Nasogastric tube |
| OD | Oculus dexter |
| OS | Oculus sinister |
| OU | Oculus uterque |
| PEG | Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy |
| PO | Per os |
| PR | Per rectum |
| SC | Subcutaneous |
| SL | Sublingual |
| SQ | Subcutaneous |
| TOP | Topical |
🔬
Lab Tests & Values
Blood work and test results
| Abbr. | Full Form |
|---|---|
| A1C | Hemoglobin A1C |
| ABG | Arterial blood gas |
| ALB | Albumin |
| ALP | Alkaline phosphatase |
| ALT | Alanine aminotransferase |
| AST | Aspartate aminotransferase |
| BMP | Basic metabolic panel |
| BNP | B-type natriuretic peptide |
| BUN | Blood urea nitrogen |
| CBC | Complete blood count |
| CMP | Complete metabolic panel |
| CR | Creatinine |
| CRP | C-reactive protein |
| ESR | Erythrocyte sedimentation rate |
| FBS | Fasting blood sugar |
| GFR | Glomerular filtration rate |
| GLU | Glucose |
| HbA1C | Hemoglobin A1C |
| HCT | Hematocrit |
| HDL | High-density lipoprotein |
| HGB | Hemoglobin |
| INR | International normalized ratio |
| LDL | Low-density lipoprotein |
| LFT | Liver function tests |
| LIPID | Lipid panel |
| OGTT | Oral glucose tolerance test |
| PLT | Platelets |
| PSA | Prostate-specific antigen |
| PT | Prothrombin time |
| PTT | Partial thromboplastin time |
| RBC | Red blood cells |
| RBS | Random blood sugar |
| T.BILI | Total bilirubin |
| T3 | Triiodothyronine |
| T4 | Thyroxine |
| TG | Triglycerides |
| TROP | Troponin |
| TSH | Thyroid stimulating hormone |
| U/A | Urinalysis |
| UA | Urinalysis |
| WBC | White blood cells |
❤️
Vital Signs
Basic body measurements
| Abbr. | Full Form |
|---|---|
| BMI | Body mass index |
| BP | Blood pressure |
| HR | Heart rate |
| HT | Height |
| O2 SAT | Oxygen saturation |
| RR | Respiratory rate |
| SPO2 | Peripheral oxygen saturation |
| T | Temperature |
| TEMP | Temperature |
| VS | Vital signs |
| WT | Weight |
🩺
Diagnoses & Conditions
Medical conditions and symptoms
| Abbr. | Full Form |
|---|---|
| A-FIB | Atrial fibrillation |
| AFIB | Atrial fibrillation |
| AKI | Acute kidney injury |
| BPH | Benign prostatic hyperplasia |
| CAD | Coronary artery disease |
| CHF | Congestive heart failure |
| CKD | Chronic kidney disease |
| COPD | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| CP | Chest pain |
| CVA | Cerebrovascular accident |
| DDX | Differential diagnosis |
| DM | Diabetes mellitus |
| DM1 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus |
| DM2 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| DOE | Dyspnea on exertion |
| DVT | Deep vein thrombosis |
| DX | Diagnosis |
| ESRD | End-stage renal disease |
| FH | Family history |
| GERD | Gastroesophageal reflux disease |
| H/O | History of |
| HA | Headache |
| HTN | Hypertension |
| LBP | Low back pain |
| MI | Myocardial infarction |
| N/V | Nausea and vomiting |
| N/V/D | Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea |
| NAD | No acute distress |
| NKA | No known allergies |
| NKDA | No known drug allergies |
| OA | Osteoarthritis |
| OSA | Obstructive sleep apnea |
| PE | Pulmonary embolism |
| PMH | Past medical history |
| PNA | Pneumonia |
| PSH | Past surgical history |
| R/O | Rule out |
| RA | Rheumatoid arthritis |
| S/P | Status post |
| SOB | Shortness of breath |
| TIA | Transient ischemic attack |
| UTI | Urinary tract infection |
| WNL | Within normal limits |
🏥
Procedures & Tests
Medical procedures and imaging
| Abbr. | Full Form |
|---|---|
| BSO | Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy |
| CABG | Coronary artery bypass graft |
| CATH | Cardiac catheterization |
| CPR | Cardiopulmonary resuscitation |
| CT | Computed tomography |
| CXR | Chest X-ray |
| D&C | Dilation and curettage |
| ECG | Electrocardiogram |
| ECHO | Echocardiogram |
| EEG | Electroencephalogram |
| EGD | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy |
| EKG | Electrocardiogram |
| EMG | Electromyography |
| I&D | Incision and drainage |
| LP | Lumbar puncture |
| MRI | Magnetic resonance imaging |
| ORIF | Open reduction internal fixation |
| PICC | Peripherally inserted central catheter |
| PTCA | Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty |
| TAH | Total abdominal hysterectomy |
| THA | Total hip arthroplasty |
| TKA | Total knee arthroplasty |
| TURP | Transurethral resection of prostate |
| US | Ultrasound |
| XR | X-ray |
🏨
Healthcare Settings
Locations and care levels
| Abbr. | Full Form |
|---|---|
| ADL | Activities of daily living |
| ALF | Assisted living facility |
| AMA | Against medical advice |
| BR | Bedrest |
| BRP | Bathroom privileges |
| CCU | Coronary care unit |
| CL | Clear liquids |
| D/C | Discharge |
| DAT | Diet as tolerated |
| DNI | Do not intubate |
| DNR | Do not resuscitate |
| ED | Emergency department |
| ER | Emergency room |
| F/U | Follow-up |
| HH | Home health |
| HOB | Head of bed |
| ICU | Intensive care unit |
| LTC | Long-term care |
| NICU | Neonatal intensive care unit |
| NPO | Nil per os |
| OOB | Out of bed |
| OR | Operating room |
| OT | Occupational therapy |
| PACU | Post-anesthesia care unit |
| PICU | Pediatric intensive care unit |
| POLST | Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment |
| PT | Physical therapy |
| RTC | Return to clinic |
| SNF | Skilled nursing facility |
| ST | Speech therapy |
📏
Measurements & Quantities
Doses and units
| Abbr. | Full Form |
|---|---|
| AMP | Ampule |
| CAP | Capsule |
| CC | Cubic centimeter |
| CM | Centimeter |
| D5W | 5% dextrose in water |
| IU | International units |
| KG | Kilogram |
| L | Liter |
| LBS | Pounds |
| LR | Lactated Ringer's |
| MCG | Microgram |
| MEQ | Milliequivalent |
| MG | Milligram |
| ML | Milliliter |
| MM | Millimeter |
| NC | Nasal cannula |
| NRB | Non-rebreather mask |
| NS | Normal saline |
| TAB | Tablet |
| U | Units |
👨⚕️
Physical Examination
Body exam terminology
| Abbr. | Full Form |
|---|---|
| A&O | Alert and oriented |
| AAOx3 | Awake, alert, oriented times 3 |
| BLE | Bilateral lower extremities |
| BUE | Bilateral upper extremities |
| CN | Cranial nerves |
| CTA | Clear to auscultation |
| CTAB | Clear to auscultation bilaterally |
| CVA | Costovertebral angle |
| DTR | Deep tendon reflexes |
| EOMI | Extraocular movements intact |
| HEENT | Head, eyes, ears, nose, throat |
| LE | Lower extremities |
| NABS | Normoactive bowel sounds |
| ND | Non-distended |
| NT | Non-tender |
| PERRLA | Pupils equal, round, reactive to light and accommodation |
| ROM | Range of motion |
| RRR | Regular rate and rhythm |
| S1S2 | First and second heart sounds |
| TM | Tympanic membrane |
| UE | Upper extremities |
📋
General Medical Terms
Common documentation terms
| Abbr. | Full Form |
|---|---|
| A/P | Assessment and plan |
| C/S | Cesarean section |
| CC | Chief complaint |
| EDD | Estimated due date |
| EF | Ejection fraction |
| EMS | Emergency medical services |
| F | Female |
| G | Gravida |
| GCS | Glasgow Coma Scale |
| GSW | Gunshot wound |
| HPI | History of present illness |
| IMP | Impression |
| LMP | Last menstrual period |
| LOC | Loss of consciousness |
| M | Male |
| MED | Medication |
| MVA | Motor vehicle accident |
| MVC | Motor vehicle collision |
| NSVD | Normal spontaneous vaginal delivery |
| OTC | Over the counter |
| P | Para |
| PCP | Primary care physician |
| PE | Physical examination |
| PT | Patient |
| QTY | Quantity |
| REF | Refills |
| ROS | Review of systems |
| ROSC | Return of spontaneous circulation |
| RX | Prescription |
| SIG | Signa (write on label) |
| SX | Symptoms |
| TX | Treatment |
| Y/O | Year old |
| YO | Year old |
Frequently Asked Questions
What does BID mean in medical terms?
BID is Latin for "twice a day." Take your medication in the morning and evening, roughly 12 hours apart. If your prescription says "lisinopril 10mg PO BID," that means two pills by mouth each day. Learn more about reading your medical records.
What does PRN mean on a prescription?
PRN means "as needed"—take the medication only when you have the symptom it treats. If your prescription says "Tylenol 650mg PRN for pain," that means take it only when pain appears, not on a fixed schedule. Overusing PRN medications can be harmful, so follow the dose limits on your label.
What does NPO mean before surgery?
NPO means nothing by mouth—no food, no water, no gum. Before surgery, anesthesia can cause vomiting that enters the lungs if your stomach isn't empty. "NPO after midnight" is a hard rule, not a guideline. Violating it can get your surgery cancelled.
What does QID mean in medical abbreviations?
QID means four times a day. Space your doses evenly: with breakfast, lunch, dinner, and at bedtime. The goal is to maintain a steady level of medication in your system. If a four-times-daily schedule is hard to follow, ask your doctor whether a different formulation exists.
What is the difference between TID and QID?
TID means three times a day; QID means four times a day. TID drugs are taken with meals. QID drugs add a bedtime dose. The distinction matters most for antibiotics—finishing a TID course correctly is as important as the dose itself.
What does PO mean on a prescription?
PO means "by mouth." It distinguishes oral pills from IV, injectable, or topical forms of the same drug. If the route is not listed on a prescription, the pharmacist assumes PO. See our guide to requesting medical records to get complete documentation from your pharmacy.
What do H and L mean on lab results?
H means your result is above the normal range. L means it is below. Most labs print these flags automatically. A single flagged result is not a diagnosis—context, trends over time, and your symptoms are what matter. See our guide to reading medical records for detailed explanations.
Why do doctors use Latin abbreviations?
Latin was the universal language of medicine for centuries, so the shorthand stuck. BID, TID, and PRN mean the same thing in any country, which is useful in a global medical system. The downside: patients are left to decode instructions written in a language nobody speaks. If anything in your records is unclear, you have the right to ask for a plain-language explanation. If you find errors, learn how to correct them.
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