gdc 0449 improves the antitumor activity of nano doxorubicin in pancreatic cancer in a fibroblast enriched microenvironment

Here, we report that the commercial SHH inhibitor GDC-0449 reverses fibroblast-induced resistance to doxorubicin in Smoothened (SMO)-positive pancreatic cancer cells by downregulating SHH signaling proteins. The combination of GDC-0449 and Dox did not show benefits over a single treatment of Dox in tumor cells (Fig. GDC-0449 increased the apoptotic rate from 6.82% (Dox alone) to...