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Browse our complete A-Z directory of healthcare terms and entities.
Showing 200 entries starting with "F" of type "General"
In the U.S., two major laws—FERPA (Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act) and HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act)—govern the privacy and security of student medical records. While both are critical for protecting sensitive information, their application in schools can be complex and context-specific. Understanding the differences, overlaps, and implications of FERPA and HIPAA...
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What causes HPV infection? "The human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection. How many types of human HPV are there? There are more than 40 different types of HPV, but not all of them cause cancer (some only cause warts). Types 16 and 18 are most dangerous, causing about 70% of cervical...
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Discusses emotional and intellectual stages of life from childhood to your retirement years. Covers stages of the human life cycle, including independence and adulthood, coupling, parenting, and retirement.
Top of the page Fatigue (PDQ®): Supportive care - Health Professional Information This information is produced and provided by the National Cancer Institute (NCI). The information in this topic may have changed since it was written. For the most current information, contact the National Cancer Institute via the Internet web site at...
The government of the United States of America is the federal government of the constitutional republic of fifty states that constitute the United States, as well as one capitol district, and several other territories. The federal government is composed of three distinct branches: legislative, executive and judicial, which powers are vested by the U.S.
Female Pelvic AnatomyIn a woman, the pelvis contains two ovaries and two fallopian tubes (left and right), the uterus, the bladder, the rectum, and the vagina.
Female Urinary SystemThe kidneys and bladder work together to make urine and remove it from your body. The kidneys filter waste products and water from the blood to form urine. The urine moves from the kidneys through tubes called ureters to the bladder, which stores the urine until it is full. From the bladder, urine...
Top of the page Fever Fever is the body's normal response to infection and other conditions, both minor and serious. Most fevers help the body fight infection. The average normal body temperature is 98.6°F (37°C) orally. It can change during the day from a low of 97.4°F (36.3°C) in the morning to a high of...
When health insurers deny claims, delay care, or engage in predatory practices, your state insurance department is your most powerful weapon. In 2023 alone, state regulators forced insurers to reverse $6.3 billion in wrongful denials and refund premiums—a 58% increase from 2022 (NAIC). Yet most consumers never file complaints, leaving billions in recoveries untouched. This...
Medical debt is a leading cause of personal bankruptcy in the United States, often resulting from unexpected emergencies or chronic illnesses. Filing for bankruptcy can provide a fresh start for those overwhelmed by healthcare costs. However, the process requires careful planning, thorough documentation, and a clear understanding of the legal steps involved. This guide offers...
Over 76 million Americans are either at or approaching retirement age, and for some of us, getting older and retiring means getting poorer. Subsidized Housing You might think you’re out of options for housing based on your income. Subsidized senior housing units are available through local HUD Housing Agencies. Public housing agencies might give you...
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Learn simple tips for healthy eating.
Defines flatfoot, its causes, and who is affected by the condition. Lists symptoms and discusses treatment options. Offers pictures of exercises that may help.
Facing a health insurance denial in Florida can feel like battling a hurricane-force storm. But with Florida’s consumer protections and this guide as your anchor, you’ll learn to challenge denials, leverage state laws, and secure the care you deserve. Here’s your expanded roadmap to justice under the Florida sun.Florida’s Healthcare Landscape: Challenges and 2025 ReformsFlorida’s...
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A fracture is a break in a bone. Fractures can range from a hairline crack in the bone to the bone being broken into two or more pieces that no longer line up correctly. A fracture may occur at the same time as other injuries, such as sprains, strains, or dislocations. Signs and symptoms of...
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The recipes I offer can be a good guide for tasty soups, but feel free to add more veggies, beans or spices to your specific tastes. I make many different soup varieties – mostly experimenting with beans and adding different veggies. You may want to save a portion of the stock to freeze, adding extra...
This figure has been reproduced with permission from the International Association for the Study of Pain® (IASP®). The figure may not be reproduced for any other purpose without permission. These faces show how much something can hurt. You can use these faces to help choose a number that shows how much you or your child...
Two facial nerves, one located on each side of the face, branch off and lead to muscles in the forehead, eyelids, ear, nose, mouth, and chin. These nerves control facial muscles and expressions, send taste sensations from the front of the tongue to the brain, and control tear and saliva production.
A facial X-ray is a series of pictures of the bones in the face . One type of facial X-ray (called a paranasal sinus X-ray series) looks at the air-filled cavities (sinuses) around the nose and eyes. X-rays are a form of radiation, like light or radio waves, that are focused into a beam, much...
What is failure to thrive? Failure to thrive is a term used to describe a child who seems to be gaining weight or height more slowly than other children of his or her age and sex. A baby who has failed to thrive may seem slow to develop physical skills, such as rolling over, standing,...
We talked with allergy and immunology doctor, Dr. Majed Koleilat, at Deaconess today. He tells us, the season is here and people around the Tri-State are definitely starting to feel the symptoms. The good news is, he says, in general, this season looks to be about average compared to past Fall allergy seasons. "Generally, you...
A fallopian tube blockage typically prevents successful passage of the egg to the sperm, or the fertilized egg to the uterus. Surgery can be used to try to correct this common cause of infertility. The specific type of surgery depends on the location and extent of the fallopian tube blockage. Some tubal procedures can...
You have options when it comes to finding family health insurance. It is free for consumers to request health insurance quotes from licensed health insurance agents and brokers. A good health insurance agent will advise you on your private-market health insurance options from different insurance carriers and different plan types. They should understand your health,...
Having a family history means that a person has one or more blood relatives with a certain health problem. A doctor can look at a person's family history to get some idea of the person's risk for that health problem. Blood relatives include relatives who are alive and those who have died. They may be:...
The family life cycle is the emotional and intellectual stages a person passes through from childhood to the retirement years as a member of a family. The family life cycle consists of several developmental stages: Independence Coupling or marriage Parenting Launching adult children Retirement or senior stage of life
The rules of our family are listed below. All members of the family are able and agree to follow the rules. If someone breaks a family rule, a consequence will be enforced. Family rule Consequences 1. 1. 2. 2. 3. 3. 4. 4. 5. 5. 6. 6.
Family therapy is a type of counseling involving the entire family. It can help maintain positive relationships within a family dealing with a stressful situation or a life-changing event, such as having a loved one with a chronic mood disorder. In family therapy, each person can express any concerns and fears about how...
Family therapy is based on the belief that the family is a unique social system with its own structure and patterns of communication. These patterns are determined by many things, including the parents' beliefs and values, the personalities of all family members, and the influence of the extended family (grandparents...
Farsightedness, also called hyperopia, is the inability of the eye to focus on nearby objects and sometimes on distant objects also. This occurs because the light entering the eye is focused behind the retina instead of directly on it. Farsightedness occurs when an eye is too short lengthwise, the cornea is not curved...
Fasting means choosing to go without food, drink, or both for a period of time. It can mean going without any food or going without certain types of food. There are different kinds of fasting. Medical fasting. You may be asked to fast for a certain amount of time before a medical test or surgery,...
Fat is an essential nutrient that gives you energy. Fats help in the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K. Unhealthy fats: Saturated fat is solid at room temperature, which is why it is also known as "solid fat." It is mostly in animal foods, such as milk, cheese, and meat. Trans fat...
Fat replacers are nonfat substances that act like fat in a food. An ideal fat replacer would be a substance that has no health risks and tastes and looks like natural fat but has fewer calories. Fat replacers can be found in foods such as baked goods, cheeses, sour cream, yogurt, margarine, salad dressing, sauces,...
Fatigue is a feeling of tiredness or exhaustion or a need to rest because of lack of energy or strength. Fatigue may result from overwork, poor sleep, worry, boredom, or lack of exercise. It is a symptom that may be caused by illness, medicine, or medical treatment such as chemotherapy. Anxiety or depression can also...
. Now the US Food and Drug Administration has approved the first commercial product, called Hello, Peanut!, to help inform the public that early peanut introduction and regular consumption can reduce the risk of peanut allergy in young children. After which maintenance packets are recommended for use up to three times a week. It showed...
Eli Lilly's Verzenio was approved Thursday by the Food and Drug Administration for women and men with what's called HR-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer that has worsened after hormone therapy. According to the FDA, about 72 percent of patients with breast cancer have this type. The daily pill blocks certain enzymes that promote growth of cancer...
The Food and Drug Administration has joined in a crackdown on over 500 online pharmacies that illegally sell potentially dangerous, unapproved versions of prescription drugs, including opioid pain medication, antibiotics and injectable epinephrine products. Consumers go to these websites believing that they are buying safe and effective medications, but they are being deceived and put...
Could your morning cup of coffee cause cancer? A lawsuit filed by the organization in 2010 resumed earlier this week, the Associated Press reports. High-temperature cooking—roasting, frying and baking—triggers a natural development of acrylamide in these foods. The World Health Organization has urged food companies to lower the levels found in products because of the...
The fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is a test used to screen for colorectal cancer. Cancer in the colon or polyps in the colon are more likely to bleed than normal colon tissue is. This test uses antibodies to check for very small amounts of blood in the stool. If signs of blood are found in...
Dr. Federico P. Girardi is a male orthopedic surgery in New York, NY. Dr. Federico graduated in 1991. He is licensed to practice by the state board in New York.
Want to hear something crazy? The prevalence of peanut allergies among U.S. kids doubled from 1997 to 2008—and today, around 2 percent of children are allergic to peanuts. One reason for the surge: The longstanding advice—to withhold peanuts from children at high risk for allergies until they were 3 years old—was majorly flawed. And this...
The division of responsibility is a way of feeding your child that takes the battle out of meal times. From birth until your child is between 6 months and 1 year old, you are responsible for what your child eats, and your child is responsible for how much and how often he or she eats....
Feeling allergy symptoms? You can blame Hurricane Irma for that. Autumn is the second-worst time of year for allergic reactions in Florida, following the spring blooming season, said Dr. Richard Lockey, a Joy McCann Culverhouse Chair in allergy and immunology at the University of South Florida's College of Medicine. Ragweed and mold are the most...
What is a female condom? Condoms can protect you against sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and they can be used to prevent pregnancy. The female condom is a tube of soft plastic (polyurethane) that has a closed end. Each end has a ring or rim. The ring at the closed end is inserted deep into the...
Top of the pageFemale Pelvic OrgansCurrent as ofFebruary 19, 2019Author: Healthwise StaffE. Gregory Thompson, MD - Internal MedicineMartin J. Gabica, MD - Family MedicineKathleen Romito, MD - Family MedicineCurrent as of: February 19, 2019Author: Healthwise StaffMedical Review:E. Gregory Thompson, MD - Internal Medicine & Martin J. Gabica, MD - Family Medicine & Kathleen Romito, MD...
The female reproductive system consists of two ovaries, two fallopian tubes, the uterus, and the vagina. Either the left or right ovary normally produces an egg (ovulation) about 11 to 17 days before the woman's next menstrual period, or approximately once a month. The egg is released from the ovary into a fallopian...
The female sexual response is the series of feelings and physical sensations a woman has when she is sexually aroused. Every woman has her own sexual response pattern, which is likely to change over her lifetime. Emotionally, the healthy sexual response includes feelings of desire, arousal or excitement, and then...
A femoral-tibial bypass is used to bypass a narrowed or blocked artery in the leg. The bypass restores blood flow to the lower leg and foot. To bypass a narrowed or blocked artery, blood is redirected through a graft. The graft is either a healthy blood vessel that has been transplanted or a man-made material....
Femoropopliteal (fem-pop) bypass surgery is used to bypass diseased blood vessels above or below the knee. To bypass the narrowed or blocked blood vessel, blood is redirected through either a healthy blood vessel that has been transplanted or a man-made graft material. This vessel or graft is sewn above and below the...
A femtoliter (fL) is a measure of volume that is equal to one-quadrillionth of a liter. A liter is slightly larger than a quart.
A new report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shows that illicit fentanyl – not prescription pain medication -- was involved in over half of the recent opioid overdoses in ten states. Their report on overdoses in ten states (Oklahoma, New Mexico, Wisconsin, West Virginia, Ohio, Maine, Missouri, Rhode Island, Massachusetts and New...
Iron is partly stored in the body in a form called ferritin. The amount of ferritin in a person's body is frequently measured when evaluating anemia.
A ferritin blood test checks the amount of ferritin in the blood. Ferritin is a protein in the body that binds to iron; most of the iron stored in the body is bound to ferritin. Ferritin is found in the liver , spleen , skeletal muscles, and bone marrow. Only a small amount of ferritin...
Fertility drugs stimulate a woman's ovaries to release eggs (ovulate). Use of fertility drugs increases the risk that more than one egg will be produced and be fertilized by sperm, leading to a high-risk multiple pregnancy.
How to preserve fertility There are several different ways to preserve fertility: frozen embryos, frozen eggs, and frozen ovarian tissue. A newer method of preserving oocytes is vitrification, which is very rapid freezing "in the absence of ice." Ideally, women have to vitrify their oocytes under the age of 30, when the quality of the...
Looks at infertility. Includes info on various tests used for women and men to find out why a woman can't get pregnant. Covers treatments for men and women, including medicine to help a woman ovulate and procedures to increase a man's sperm count.
About once a month, an egg is released from one of a woman's two ovaries (ovulation). The egg then enters the nearby fallopian tube. During unprotected sexual intercourse, sperm that is ejaculated from the man's penis may reach the egg in the fallopian tube. Fertilization occurs if one of the sperm cells penetrates the...
Fetal blood sampling (FBS) is the collecting of fetal blood directly from the umbilical cord or fetus. The fetal blood is tested for signs of anemia and other blood problems. FBS is also known as cordocentesis or percutaneous umbilical cord blood sampling. FBS is usually used when a Doppler ultrasound and/or a series of...
Top of the pageFetal development at 12 weeks of pregnancyCurrent as ofMay 29, 2019Author: Healthwise StaffAdam Husney, MD - Family MedicineKathleen Romito, MD - Family MedicineWilliam M. Gilbert, MD - Maternal and Fetal MedicineCurrent as of: May 29, 2019Author: Healthwise StaffMedical Review:Adam Husney, MD - Family Medicine & Kathleen Romito, MD - Family Medicine &...
Top of the pageFetal development at 28 weeks of pregnancyCurrent as ofMay 29, 2019Author: Healthwise StaffAdam Husney, MD - Family MedicineKathleen Romito, MD - Family MedicineWilliam M. Gilbert, MD - Maternal and Fetal MedicineCurrent as of: May 29, 2019Author: Healthwise StaffMedical Review:Adam Husney, MD - Family Medicine & Kathleen Romito, MD - Family Medicine &...
Fetal heart monitoring measures a baby's (fetus's) heart rate during pregnancy or labor and delivery. These measurements can help health professionals check a fetus's general condition and identify early signs of distress. During labor and delivery, the fetal heart rate is closely watched along with the mother's uterine...
Fetal ultrasound is a test done during pregnancy that uses reflected sound waves. It produces a picture of the baby (fetus), the organ that supports the fetus ( placenta ), and the liquid that surrounds the fetus ( amniotic fluid ). The picture is displayed on a TV screen. It may be in black and...
Curved lines represent ultrasound waves.
A fetus is the growing baby in the womb (uterus) from 10 completed weeks after a pregnant woman's last menstrual period until birth.
It is not unusual to develop a viral illness that causes a fever during pregnancy or after your delivery. Mild fevers that last only a short time usually are not a concern. An ongoing fever that does not get better with home treatment, such as taking acetaminophen, or that does not improve after several days...
Discusses fevers in children age 11 and younger. Includes info on temperatures considered normal, mild fever, or high fever. Offers home treatment tips to reduce fever. Includes interactive tool to help you decide when to call a doctor.
Feverfew ( Tanacetum parthenium ) is an herb that has been studied a lot for migraine prevention. Some small studies show that it may help prevent migraines in some people. 1 Feverfew is available as dried leaf powder, tablet, capsule, and tea. You might find it under the name MIG-99. If you would like to...
A fibroadenoma is a firm, noncancerous tumor of a gland, often found in the breast during a breast self-exam. It is round and painless, feels firm and rubbery, and can be easily moved around. Fibroadenomas may occur as one lump or multiple lumps in the breast. They are most common in women in their late...
What are fibrocystic breast changes? Many women have breasts that feel lumpy, thick, and tender, especially right before their periods. These symptoms are called fibrocystic breast changes. They may also be called cyclic breast changes, because they come and go with your menstrual cycle. Fibrocystic breast changes are...
Fibromyalgia is a condition that causes widespread pain in the muscles and soft tissues. People who have it feel pain, tenderness, or both even when there is no injury or inflammation. Depression, stress, and sleep problems are common in people who have fibromyalgia. These problems may make fibromyalgia symptoms worse.
Information on fibromyalgia, a syndrome that causes people to feel pain even when there is no injury. Covers symptoms and how it is diagnosed. Includes info on treatments such as medicines, exercise therapy, and cognitive-behavioral therapy.
"Fibro fog" is the name commonly given to the cognitive problems that can go along with fibromyalgia syndrome. These problems with concentration and memory can lead to confusion, losing your train of thought, or forgetting or mixing up words or details. You can take steps to manage fibro fog. Try some of the following...
What is a fifth metatarsal Jones fracture? A fifth metatarsal Jones fracture is a break or a thin, hairline crack in the long bone on the outside of the foot. A Jones fracture occurs near the end of this bone that is closest to the ankle. What causes a Jones fracture? A Jones fracture can...
Financial toxicity describes problems a cancer patient has related to the cost of treatment. The terms financial toxicity and financial distress are used to describe how out-of-pocket costs can cause financial problems for a patient. Out-of-pocket costs are what you pay for your medical care that is not covered by your...
Seeking therapy can be a significant step toward improving your mental health and overall well-being. However, with various types of therapists available, finding the right one may feel daunting. This guide provides you with resources and recommendations to streamline the process and help you connect with a mental health professional who can meet your specific...
The following tips on good footwear may prevent toe, foot, or ankle problems or injuries. Have your feet measured regularly. The size of your feet may change as you grow older. Have both feet measured. Often one foot is larger than the other. The shoes should be fitted to the larger foot. Don't choose shoes...
In a fine-needle lymph node biopsy, your doctor inserts a thin needle into the lymph node and removes a sample of cells. The sample is examined under a microscope.
Details types of injuries to the fingers, hands, and wrists. Discusses possible emergency situations. Includes worksheet to help you decide when to seek care. Offers home treatment and prevention tips.
Fire ants are wingless insects that belong to the same family of insects as bees and wasps. Fire ants are found in the southeastern and south-central United States, especially along the Gulf Coast. They tend to attack and sting in great numbers. A fire ant attaches itself to a person by biting with its jaws....
Fishhook injuries to the eye are rare. When they occur, they can cause a serious injury, including blindness. Prompt emergency room or ophthalmology care is needed to remove the fishhook, prevent complications, and minimize damage from the fishhook. Do the following, and then seek emergency care : Do not try to remove a...
Note : If a chemical has been swallowed that may be a poison or may cause burning in the throat and esophagus, call your local Poison Control Center or the National Poison Control Hotline (1-800-222-1222) immediately for information on treatment. When you call the Poison Control Center, have the chemical container with...
The first steps to take when a person is in contact with an electrical source are: Have someone call or other emergency services. Do not touch the "electrified person" with your hands. Unplug the appliance or turn off the main power switch. Try to remove the person from the electrical source, if you cannot turn...
What you pack in your first aid kit will depend on where and how long you plan to travel and the medical care available there. Here is a general list of items to include. Insect repellent Sunscreen (SPF 30 to 50) and lip screen Thermometer Oral rehydration solution packets Basic first aid items (adhesive bandages...
A first-degree burn injures the top layer of skin (epidermis) and causes the tissue below the skin (dermis) to become red and swollen.
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