heparin at physiological concentration can enhance peg free in vitro infection with human hepatitis b virus

High concentration of heparin has been commonly used as an inhibitor control for in vitro infection in the field. However, to our surprise, at its physiological concentration (1 to 5 μg/ml), heparin could actually enhance HBV infection efficiency in both HepaRG and NTCP-reconstituted hepatocytes. This enhancement effect of heparin could become obscured in the presence...