Asthma Triggers

An asthma trigger is a factor that can lead to sudden difficulty breathing or other symptoms of asthma ( asthma attack ). Some triggers are substances a person may be allergic to ( allergens ). Allergens cause the body’s natural defenses ( immune system ) to produce chemicals called immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies…

Asthma Triggers

Topic Overview

An asthma trigger is a factor that can lead to sudden difficulty breathing or other symptoms of asthma (asthma attack).

Some triggers are substances a person may be allergic to (allergens). Allergens cause the body’s natural defenses (immune system) to produce chemicals called immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. These chemicals bind to allergens, causing inflammation of the bronchial tubes, which carry air to the lungs. The allergen may also cause asthma attacks. These triggers include:

Other triggers can cause asthma symptoms without affecting the body’s immune system. These include:

  • Cigarette smoke and air pollution.
  • Viral infections, such as colds and influenza, and sinus and other upper respiratory infections.
  • Exercise. Many people with asthma have symptoms when they exercise.
  • Dry, cold air.
  • Medicines, such as aspirin or beta-blockers.
  • In adults, hormones, including those involved in pregnancy and menstrual periods (just before or during periods).
  • Gastrointestinal reflux disease (GERD). GERD may make asthma worse for some people.

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References

Other Works Consulted

  • Guarnieri M, Balmes JR (2014). Outdoor air pollution and asthma. Lancet, 383(9928): 1581–1592. DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60617-6. Accessed May 6, 2014.

Credits

Current as ofJune 9, 2019

Author: Healthwise Staff
Medical Review: John Pope MD – Pediatrics
E. Gregory Thompson MD – Internal Medicine
Adam Husney MD – Family Medicine
Mary F. McNaughton Collins MD, MPH – Internal Medicine

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